Because information about icebergs in the North Atlantic is critical for safe navigation and commerce, the ICP is funded by Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Norway, Panama, Poland, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the Icebergs in the North Atlantic are monitored by the International Ice Patrol (ICP), created in 1914 in response to the sinking of the H.M.S. A is assigned to icebergs originating between longitudes 0 ° and 90 °W, B is assigned to icebergs originating between 90 ° and 180 °, C is assigned to icebergs originating between 180 ° and 270 °, and D is assigned to icebergs originating between 270 ° and 0 °. The letter identifiers delineate the longitude of origin. Icebergs in the southern hemisphere are monitored by the United States National Ice Center, founded in 1995, which assigns a letter and serial number identifier (for example, iceberg C18) to each large iceberg measuring more than 6 mi (10 km) along one or more sides. The word iceberg has its roots in Nordic and German words meaning, literally, ice mountain. In contrast, sea ice is produced by freezing saltwater. Snow produces the glaciers and ice sheets so, ultimately, icebergs originate from snow. ![]() ![]() Most icebergs come from the glaciers of Greenland or from the massive ice sheets of Antarctica, and a few icebergs come from smaller Alaskan glaciers. An iceberg is a large mass of free-floating ice that has broken away from a glacier.
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